Eri silkworm species being reared was found to be synthia ricini. However, due to use of different varieties of castor leaves, eri silkworms are susceptible to several growth related problems. Studies on the amylase and protease activities in eri silkworm. The silk worms that produce eri silk feed on castor plants, hence deriving the name eri. The authors discuss here about the disease and its symptoms and morphology.
The present study shows that the eri silkworm larvae are susceptible to intrahaemocoelical inoculation of acmnpv. Antheraea pernyi saturnidae antheraea yamamai saturnidae antheraea paphia saturnidae antheraea royeli saturnidae iii muga silkworm antheraea assama saturnidae iv eri silk worm philosamia ricini saturnidae 3. Fungal colonies cfu x 104g soil in eri waste supplemented soil on 0 day with perionyx excavatus as test species fig3. The larval growth rate and rearing performance of eri silkworm have also been studied exten. The word eri is inspired from the assamese word era which means castor. Eri silkworm is generally hardy and not easily susceptible to diseases.
Silk a natural fibre silk often referred to as the queen of textiles is the strongest natural fibre lustrous, smooth, inherent affinity for dyes, vibrant colours, having high absorbent and light weight qualities excellent drape and elastic properties. Therefore eri silkworm and its host plants offer an excellent example of multiple product crops and of sustainable agricultural practice with excellent opportunity for economic and. The selection of eri silkworm ecoraces with high yield and distinct morphological characters is necessary for variety improvement. Silk fiber generally is produced by the mulberry silkworm, bombyx mori, which was domesticated nearly 2,000 years ago in china. The plinth area 10 m x 5 m size rearing house having tin or thatch roofing with 1. Domesticated eri silkworm samia ricini, reared in many parts of india, japan and china, is a nonmulberry silkworm. Abstract pdf vol 4, no 3 2015 articles evaluation of different strains of eri.
Their distribution, economic and prospects for exploitation. Eri silk is a natural fibre harvested from the cocoon of the eri silkworm. The effect of different constant temperatures 20, 23, 25 and 30 c combined with 70% r. The eri silkworm, samia cynthia ricini highly preferring castor as a host plant followed by tapioca and also the suitability of other alternative host has been found out for the continuous rearing during unseason of crop.
In this paper, 1 h nuclear magnetic resonance 1 eri silk is a staple fiber, unlike other silks, which are continuous filament. In this paper, 1 h nuclear magnetic resonance 1 eri silkworm after hatching to the 3rd larval stages. These have made eri silkworms gain traction with local silk farmers. Eri silk is a staple fiber, unlike other silks, which are continuous filament. Evaluation of different strains of eri silkworms samia. Tapioca leaves are also good source of protein and are utilized as secondary source of food to rear eri silkworm. The larvae becomes transparent, shiny and stops feeding before spinning. Dec 20, 2015 domesticated eri silkworm samia ricini, reared in many parts of india, japan and china, is a nonmulberry silkworm. Silkworm rearing and silk weaving, called sericulture, is an environmentally sustainable agroindustrial activity practiced in four major regions globally, with the. Mar 05, 2015 this is the simplest method of mounting of eri silkworm matured worm for formation of good stainless cocoons to get good remunerations. Muga silk worm is multivoltine and 56 crops are raised in a year out of which two commercial crops jethua. Eri silk, also known as errandi or endi, is derived from the silkworm philosamia ricini and samia ricini. Tasar muga eri wild semi domesticated domesticated tropicalsilkworm a.
After cocooning you can remove them and spin some silk, or you can wait until they hatch they will hatch in about a month. The female silkworm moth has tiny wings and a large abdomen. Eri silkworm pdf silk pupa free 30day trial scribd. At the end of larval period, the larvae crawl in search of suitable places to spin cocoons. The eri silkworm is a polyvoltine wild silkmothmultivotine, and has complete metamorphosis. India has the unique distinction of being the only country producing all the five kinds of silk mulberry, eri, muga, tropical tasar and temperate tasar. Besides this wild silkworms like attacus atlas and cricula species are distributed in this region. Eri silk is darker and heavier than other silks and blends well with wools and cotton. Silk industry among the taiahom of assam, india as an attraction of tourist bandana mahan department of anthropology, gouhati university abstract silk industry is an agro based industry, the end product of which is silk.
Rearing performance of erisilkworm samia cynthia ricini. Sericulture is an important labourintensive and agrobased cottage industry. The quality of cocoon eri silkworm is a polyphagous, multivoltine worm whose primary host is castor. Raising eri silkworms is referred to as ericulture. The five ecoraces had similar morphological characters in all development stages. Pdf among all the silkworms produced commercially, eri is highly resistant to pebrine in comparison to other silkworms. Sericulture zoology for ias, ifos and other competitive exams. Saturniidae is known to be reared in different parts of the world with diverse expectations for its silk fibre, food and biomaterials. Proceedings of the national workshop on eri food plants, october 1112, 2006, guwahati, india. Fungal colonies cfu x 104g soil in eri waste supplemented soil. Further, the larvae receiving the castor leaves during fifth instar had better growth irrespective of the diet used earlier, i.
Pdf on aug 23, 2016, edison omollo and others published eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya find, read and cite all the research you. Silkworm spins cocoons prior to pupa tion so as to protect itself from external disturbances and natural enemies. Sericulture was first introduced into china by hoshomin, the queen of china. Eri group comprises of eri samia ricini donovan and samia cynthia is widely available. Also, silk is finer and has more of a sheen than other fabrics, and it also doesnt harbor static electricity. Castor plant, one of eri silkworm host plant is readily available in various regions of kenya, growing plentifully in the wild. Silkworm reshompoka name for the larva of any of the lepidopteran insect that produce natural silk of commercial value. In laboratory study we were used 10 plant species, viz. Silk is a protein fiber produced by silkworm for spinning cocoon. The white silk fabric as white as the cultivated silk eri silk is the product of the domesticated silkworm, philosamia ricini that feeds mainly on castor leaves. It is believed that the name eri derived from the word era, which means castor plant in assamese.
Samia ricini, or the eri silkworm, is raised in india and parts of the orient for its silk. Eri silkworm pupae can be harvested to provide a cost effective alternative edible oil that can be used to nutritional advantage in the food and feed industry. The eri silkworm rearing at a normal temperature 252 c. Since it is the most critical period of its metamorphosis. Original article screening for eri silkworm samia ricini donovan ecoraces using morphological characters, growth, yields, and issr marker duanpen wongsorn1, weerasak saksirirat2, 3, sivilai sirimungkararat1, 2, 3, and hathairat urairong4 1 entomology section, department of plant science and agricultural resources, 2 cultivation and product development research group of wild silkmoths and. The results on larval raising, cocoon fibres and eggs of the erisilkworms reared on artificial food were the same as those in the case of the erisilkworms reared on fresh leaves of castoroil plant.
Tapioca is also as known as cassava is an important starchy root crops and has been grown in india for more than a century. All of these biological aspects were much affected by temperature. Introduction the eri silkworm, philosamia ricini, hutt. The eri silkworm is easier to keep than the mulberry silkworm that produces common silk and feeds on mulberry leaves only because it eats many types of leaves. The silk is not reelable like bombyx mori, the mulberry silkworm, so it is spun into a yarn which is both soft and durable. Silk is a smooth, shining, fabulous and unique natural fiber produced by several species of silkworm. This ensures that as soon as the eggs are hatched, the larvae can grab onto the host plant and start feeding. Silkworm moths only live for a few days and must mate as soon as they emerge from their cocoons. The virus replicates in the larva, as indicated by an increased viral loads in the haemolymph upon injection of a. Eri silkworm is polyphagous species and reared mostly on the leaves of castor and kesseru plant. Food plants of eri silkworm, samia ricini donovan their rearing performance and prospects for exploitation. Effect of botanical insecticides on the growth and silk production of ambagoan and lakhimpur strains of eri silkworm, samia cynthia ricini boisduval v. Eri the word eri is derived from sanskrit word eranada or endi which mean castor plant is a multivoltine silk spun from openended cocoons, unlike other varieties of silk.
Cfu x 104g soil in eri waste supplemented soil on 0 day with eisenia foetida as test species fig3. The texture of the fabric is coarse, fine, and dense. Screening for eri silkworm samia ricini donovan ecoraces. Screening for eri silkworm samia ricini donovan ecoraces using. An evaluation of 1deoxynojirimycin oral administration in. Life cycle of tasar silkworm antheraea mylitta fig2. According to some sources, sericulture was introduced in india. Life cycle of eri silkworm philosamia ricini fig 1.
India continues to be the second largest producer of silk in the world. They may be mulberry silkworm, eg bombyx mori family bombycidae, and nonmulberry silk worm, viz the eri, samia cynthia ricini, muga, antheraea assama, and tasar, a. Eri silkworm samia ricini, a nonmulberry host system for. This is the simplest method of mounting of eri silkworm matured worm for formation of good stainless cocoons to get good remunerations. Effective rate of rearing err, which reveals percentage of the number of cocoons harvested to number of larvae brushed, has also showed a significant difference when eri silkworms were fed on different castor genotypes.
Fertilized eri silkworm eggs obtained from tosheka textiles ltd grainages are placed in a rearing box and castor leaf placed on top of the eggs as shown in figure 1. Eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya journal of entomology and. May 09, 2015 silkworm stops feeding towards the end of fifith in star and starts building the cocoons. Techniques of rearing silkworm rearing of eri silkworm, samia ricini donovan rearing house. Through this method time of harvesting can be reduced. Pdf eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya researchgate. Ericulture eri silkworm farming is an agrobased traditional activity that has.
Later, it was introduced into europe and japan by smuggling the secrets from china through travelling monks. Eri silk is called the father of all forms of cultured. Vishnuvardhan reddy abstract castor, ricinus communis l. Effect of temperature on the silk production of the eri. Applied zoology gelecegi onemseyenler dernegi gonder. Pdf rearing of eri silkworm samia cynthia ricini boisd.
Study of physical characteristics of silk fibre of eri. Silkworm stops feeding towards the end of fifith in star and starts building the cocoons. In their native lands, they are handfed mostly castor bean and tapioca leaves, but will also eat ailanthus and ligustrum. The silkworm first makes a support then spins the cocoon. Although there is considerable interest in the biological effects of dnj, the roles of 1deoxynojirimycin dnj in glycometabolism and energy metabolism in insects have received little attention. Sep 21, 2015 however, due to use of different varieties of castor leaves, eri silkworms are susceptible to several growth related problems. Eri silkworm fed on abaro registered maximum err 74. Rearing of eri silkworm upper subansiri, arunachal pradesh. Silkworm rearing and silk weaving, called sericulture, is an environmentally sustainable agroindustrial activity practiced in four major regions globally, with the highest production in asia and the pacific. Due to its thermal properties it is warm in winter and cool in summer.
Effect of botanical insecticides on the growth and silk. Sericulture zoology for ias, ifos and other competitive. It stays warm during the winter and cool during the summer. The eri silkworm samia cynthia ricini is a multivoltine domestic moth, reared completely in an indoor environment, and it is a nonmulberry worm producing spun silk, mostly found in the northeastern states of india, especially assam and meghalaya.
Study on morphological characters, life cycle, survival and yields of eri silkworm. Among all the silkworms produced commercially, eri is highly resistant to pebrine in comparison to other silkworms. Eri silk yarn produced by this worm is unique for its typical quality of. Fungal colonies cfu x 104g soil in eri waste supplemented soil after 60 days with eisenia.
The adult mouth is stout and dark and the wings are darkish brown and white. Eri silkworm samia ricini, a nonmulberry host system. For a long time sericulture was considered to be a national secret by the chinese and its industrial technique was not known in other countries. The food provided to silkworms during their rearing affects larval growth, survival rate, cocoon parameters and silk quality gomma, a. The eri silkworm culture adaptation is being practiced in a large scale on the leaves of castor. There are 26 ecoraces of eri silkworm like borduar, khanapara, kokrajhar, titabar, diphu, genung, nongpoh etc. Silk industry among the taiahoms of assam, india as an. Eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya edison omollo oduor, lucy ciera, vijay adolkar and odoch pido abstract ericulture eri silkworm farming is an agrobased traditional activity that has played an important role in generating income and employment for people living in. They also fed on kesseru, bor kesseru, gomari, payam, topioca. Historically this is the highly desired fibre which has been used extensively for apparels, home. The progressive growth of eri silkworm was superior when fed on castor. It is believed that the name eri derived from the word era, which means castor plant. Eri silk is one of the purest forms of silk that is a true and genuine product of the samia cynthia ricini worm.
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